© by Raytheon

POSITION (latitude N or S and longitude W or E)

Latitude only, N/S – QUADRANT - known already in ancient Geece

Llatitude N/S and Logitude W/E – SEXTANT + CHRONOMETER (XVIII century – Europe) Chronometer was used first (on the sea) by James Cook during his second trip 1772-75

RADIOLOCATION (XX century ~1930)

Loran system (Loran-A, then Loran-C) - II world war (radiolocation for long range)

SATNAV – 1964 (USA, first GPS)

GPS NAVSTAR – 1973 (500m, 100m selected availability switched off by 1st May 2000, accuracy 4-12m)

Glonas – 1976 (Russian system)

DGPS ~1980s – accuracy up to few millimeters (for geodesy applications)

Beidou (2000 - ??) – Chinese satelite system

Galileo (ESA) – 2005-2012 (accuracy up to 50cm) – European system (with participation of China, Israel, India, Marocco, Saudi Arabia, South Korea

IRNSS - Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System 2006 – 2014 (India + 2000 km arround)

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